The basic principle behind the precipitation of a substance can be explained on the basis of two things;ionic product and solubility product.Ionic product of a substance can be defined as the product of molar concentrations of its ions while solubility product of a substance referred to the product of molar concentrations of its ions in a saturated solution at a given temperature.
The precipitation of an ionic substance from solution occurs when the ionic product exceeds its solubility product at that temperature.If the solubility product exceeds the ionic product,then there won't be any precipitation;which means the substance will be soluble.When both of these are equal,the saturation condition arises.
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